India

=India=

//land-//2,973,190 sq km //water-//314,400 sq km
 * Part A**
 * __Republic of India__**
 * Location:** 20 00 N, 77 00 E Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan
 * Area:** //total-//3,287,590 sq km


 * Neighbouring nations:** Burma and Pakistan

//definition://** age 15 and over can read and write //**total population:**// 61% //**male:**// 73.4% //**female:**// 47.8% (2001 census)
 * Population:** 1,166,079,217 (July 2009 est.)
 * Literacy rate:
 * official languages:**Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7.2%, Marathi 7%, Tamil 5.9%, Urdu 5%, Gujarati 4.5%, Kannada 3.7%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya 3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.2%, other 5.9%
 * Type of govemment:** federal republic
 * Type of economic system :**mixed type of economy sustains in or amongst the geographical boundries of Inida
 * Religions:**Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1%
 * Natural resources:**coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land
 * Major trading partnes:**U.S., UAE, China, Germany, UK, Singapore (2006).
 * Main exports:** $140.8 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): textile goods, gems and jewelry, engineering goods, chemicals, leather manufactures.
 * Main imports:** $224.1 billion f.o.b. (2007 est.): crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, chemicals
 * Race/cultures of people:** Hindu, Muslim, Christian, Sik others..


 * __Part B:__**




 * 1) **1.Accession of Kashmir to India-1947**
 * 2) 2.Mahatma Gandhi's Assassination-1948
 * 3) 3.Birth of Indian Constitution-1950
 * 4) 4.Liberation of Goa-1961
 * 5) 5.indo-Pak War-971
 * 6) 6.Pokhran Nuclear Test-1974
 * 7) 7.India launched its first satellite-1975
 * 8) 8.General Emergency-1975
 * 9) 9.India's World Cup Cricket win-1985
 * 10) 10.Rakesh Sharma in Space-1984
 * 11) 11.Assassination of Indira Gandhi and Anti-Sikh riots-1984
 * 12) 12.Mandal Commission Report-(1990-1991)
 * 13) 13.Economic Reforms in India-1991
 * 14) 14.The Securities scam-1992
 * 15) 15.Babri Demolition-1992
 * 16) 16. Pkhran 2 Nuclear Explosion-1998
 * 17) 17.The kargil Conflict-1999

__Part C:__ Leadership __Who is leading the country at present?__ Manmohan Singh is the Prime Minister in India who leading the country at present.

__How did they get to power？__ Manmohan Singh is the present Prime Minister in Republic of India. He was the Governor of the Reserve Bank of Indian from 1982, the Deputy Chariman of the Planning Commission of India from 1985 to 1987 and the Finance Minister of India from 1991 to 1996. In the 2004 general elections, Singh was unexpectedly declard as the Prime Ministerial candidate of the Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance. He was sworn in as the Prime Minister on May 22, 2004. India is the most populous democracy in the world.

__Current issues__ Three major problems/issues: increasing population, global economic depression and India launches Unmanned Orbiter to Moon and planning for further research in 2011 and 2012.

Source of these problems/issues: 1-increasing population-India is one of the biggest country country and it has one of the most amount of population in the world. And also its rate of increasing population is larghe and fast.

2-global economic depression-This global economic depression started from America and soon go through all over the world. Most of the countries' economic system have broke and fall by fallen by this depression.

3-launches and planning to research Moon- This is a great and exciting plan to India. India want to develop its space competitive power and international position.

Response: 1-the problem of increasing population in India is a big problem, it will influence many situations, such as the environment, the econmoy system and education for people. When the government in India can not give essential needs to those youth and elder, it would become a big society problem and broke the peace.

2-The global economic depression started 2008 in America, and some experts suppose that it will stiil last at least next year. The india goverment had established some emergent and effective policies to save the market and attempt to minimize lose in this economic depression.

3-Space Plan-India had lanche a rocket into space to research and India is planning to do futher research about the space and the moon. It would a amazing new to Indian and all over the world.

Foreign Relations

Since its independence in 1947, India has maintained cordial relationships with most nations. It took a leading role in the 1950s by advocating the independence of European colonices in Africa and Asia.India was involved in two brief military interventions in neighboring countries – Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka and Operation Cactus in Maldives. India is a member of the Commonwealth of Commonwealth of Naitons and a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement. After the Sino-Indian War.and the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.India's relationship with the Soviet Union.warmed and continued to remain so until the end of the Cold War.. India has fought two wars with Pakistanover theKashmir dispute. . A third war between India and Pakistan in 1971 resulted in the creation of Bangladesh(then East Pakistan.Additional skirmishes have taken place between the two nations over the Siachen Glacier. In 1999, India and Pakistan fought an undeclarde war over Kargil.

In recent years, India has played an influential role in the SAARC, and the WTO. India has provided as many as 55,000 Indian military and police personnel to serve in thirty-five UN peace keeping operations across four continents. Despite criticism and military sanctions, India has consistently refused to sign the CTBT and the NPT, preferring instead to maintain sovereignty over its nuclear program. Recent overtures by the Indian government have strengthened relations with the United States, China and Pakistan. In the economic sphere, India has close relationships with other developing nations in South America, Asia and Africa.

Part D